Brahma is synonymous with the Vedic god Prajapati, he is also known as Vedanatha (god of Vedas), Gyaneshwara (god of Knowledge), Chaturmukha (having Four Faces) Svayambhu (self born), et… Philip Wilkinson and Neil Philip (2009), Mythology, Penguin. He often has a serpent wrapped around him like a scarf and wears a skull and the crescent moon in his matted hair piled high upon his head. [42], The Puranas describe Brahma as the deity creating time. [40], In the Bhagavata Purana, Brahma is portrayed several times as the one who rises from the "Ocean of Causes". Mahabharata holybooks.com/mahabharata-all-volumes ; Jîva-Îshvara-bheda — difference between the soul and Vishnu, Jada-Îshvara-bheda — difference between the insentient and Vishnu, Mitha-jîva-bheda — difference between any two souls, Jada-jîva-bheda — difference between insentient and the soul, Mitha-jada-bheda — difference between any two insentients, The one supreme, all pervading Spirit that is the origin and support of the. Though the power of destruction, which in the most intensified form makes him a Bhairava ('The Terrible Destroyer'), remains Shiva's principal attribute, the corollary of that attribute, namely creation or fertility, is also central to the identity of Shiva. He had both and positive and negative side: he could bring disease and he could cure it. ; see: Edward Craig (1998). [6][82][106] The universe and the soul inside each being is Brahman, and the universe and the soul outside each being is Brahman, according to Advaita Vedanta. Many Hindus believe that all the different deities are aspects of a single, transcendent power. [78][79] Different schools of Indian philosophy have held widely dissimilar ontologies. [153] It is a gender neutral abstract concept. Brahma is a male deity, in the post-Vedic Puranic literature, who creates but neither preserves nor destroys anything. The daily alternation of light and dark is attributed to the However, states Gonda, the verses suggest that this ancient meaning was never the only meaning, and the concept evolved and expanded in ancient India. By the middle of the 1st millennium ce, an attempt to synthesize the diverging sectarian traditions is evident in the doctrine of the Trimurti, which considers Vishnu, Shiva, and Brahma as three forms of the supreme unmanifested deity. He is known, according to some ancient authorities, by 1,008 epithets: among these are Nilakantha, "the blue-throated"; Panchanana, "the five-faced"; Nataraj, "The Lord of Dancers"; and Trilochana, "the three-eyed". [41] The Bhagavata Purana thus attributes the creation of Maya to Brahma,[citation needed] wherein he creates for the sake of creation, imbuing everything with both the good and the evil, the material and the spiritual, a beginning and an end. Most Hindus believe in a Supreme God, whose qualities and forms are represented by the multitude of deities which emanate from him. 2, pages 279-280, H Woodward (1989), The Lakṣmaṇa Temple, Khajuraho and Its Meanings, Ars Orientalis, Vol. [Source: Steven M. Kossak and Edith W. Watts, The Art of South, and Southeast Asia, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York ]. Vidya Dehejia, a professor at Columbia University, wrote: “ Renowned as a great dancer, Shiva has the appellation Nataraja, "Lord of Dance." The trident is another symbol associated with Shiva. [80][81], Brahman as well the Atman in every human being (and living being) is considered equivalent and the sole reality, the eternal, self-born, unlimited, innately free, blissful Absolute in schools of Hinduism such as the Advaita Vedanta and Yoga. Hanuman, as the faithful sidekick with great physical and magical powers, is one of the most beloved images in the Hindu pantheon with temples of his own throughout the country. [141][142] The ideas about God and Highest Reality in Sikhism share themes found in the Saguna and Nirguna concepts of Brahman in Hinduism. E    Hence, the person is only content with the self and not his body or anything other than the self. Brahma (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मा, IAST: Brahmā) is the creator god in Hinduism. According to them, Brahman is Lord Vishnu/Krishna; the universe and all other manifestations of the Supreme are extensions of Him. When he mediates he perseveres the world sort of like the way Vishnu does when he sleeps. [51] He is: The Upanishads contain several mahā-vākyas or "Great Sayings" on the concept of Brahman:[52], The Upanishad discuss the metaphysical concept of Brahman in many ways, such as the Śāṇḍilya doctrine in Chapter 3 of the Chandogya Upanishad, among of the oldest Upanishadic texts. They are primarily a digest incorporating myths, legends, the explanation of Vedic rituals and in some cases philosophy. James Lochtefeld (2002), Brahmin, The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Vol. Brahman is the power which upholds and supports everything. He is often pictured next to his mount, the rat, symbol of the ability to get in anywhere. Paul Hacker (1978), Eigentumlichkeiten dr Lehre und Terminologie Sankara: Avidya, Namarupa, Maya, Isvara, in Kleine Schriften (Editor: L. Schmithausen), Franz Steiner Verlag, Weisbaden, pages 101–109 (in German), also pages 69–99; that is things, beings or truths that are presumed to exist for its philosophical theory to be true, and what is the nature of that which so exists? Brahma originally had five heads. [149][150] Those who have understood and realized the Absolute Truth are the liberated ones and the Supreme Souls, with Kevala Jnana. In Vishnu’s nine previous avatars, he appeared as a fish, tortoise, boar, man-lion, dwarf, the ax-bearer Parashurama, Rama, Krishna, and the Buddha. Hindus who worship Shiva as their primary god are members of the Shaivism sect. Click here to hear the In Tamil Nadu, Brahma temples exist in the temple town of Kumbakonam, in Kodumudi and within the Brahmapureeswarar Temple in Tiruchirappalli. Brahma is also sometimes recognized as the “Self,” and is represented by “Om,” the sound with no form. It is too simplistic to define Hinduism as belief in many gods or 'polytheism'. Brahma, one of the major gods of Hinduism from about 500 bce to 500 ce, who was gradually eclipsed by Vishnu, Shiva, and the great Goddess (in her multiple aspects). But when Sati jumped into the fire, he awoke in great anger, realising what his wife had done. For example, Vaishnavism holds that Vishnu is the supreme god, while Shaivism believes that Shiva … A shrine to Brahma can be found in Cambodia's Angkor Wat. Sanskrit Documents Collection: Documents in ITX format of Upanishads, Stotras etc. [6][7] He is more prominently mentioned in the post-Vedic Hindu epics and the mythologies in the Puranas. [72] The predominant teaching in the Upanishads is the spiritual identity of soul within each human being, with the soul of every other human being and living being, as well as with the supreme, ultimate reality Brahman. This did the trick. Shiva is closely associated with Varanasi and death. Shiva often appears in this image as an antisocial being, who once burned up Kama, the god of love, with a glance. F    his daughter. It is Thy lifted foot that grants eternal bliss to those that approach Thee. for the original, universal and eternal truth, path or law of yoga. Vaishnavites, devotees of Vishnu, are one of the largest Hindu sects. Brahman is the origin and end of all things, material and spiritual. Some texts suggest that god Vishnu created Brahma (Vaishnavism),[161] others suggest god Shiva created Brahma (Shaivism),[162] yet others suggest goddess Devi created Brahma (Shaktism),[163] and these texts then go on to state that Brahma is a secondary creator of the world working respectively on their behalf. There is a 12th-century temple dedicated to him in Khedbrahma, Gujarat and also a Brahma Kuti Temple in Kanpur. Devi's best known incarnation is Parvati, Shiva's primary and eternal wife. *, Another son of Shiva and Parvati is Ganesh, or Ganapati, the Lord of the Ganas (the hosts of Shiva), who has a male human's body with four arms and the head of an elephant. Brahma is also worshipped in temple complexes dedicated to the Trimurti: Thanumalayan Temple, Uthamar Kovil, Ponmeri Shiva Temple, in Tirunavaya, the Thripaya Trimurti Temple and Mithrananthapuram Trimurti Temple. [163][164] Further, the medieval era texts of these major theistic traditions of Hinduism assert that the saguna[note 9] Brahman is Vishnu,[166] is Shiva,[167] or is Devi[168] respectively, they are different names or aspects of the Brahman, and that the Atman (soul, self) within every living being is same or part of this ultimate, eternal Brahman. [153][157][158] The abstract Brahman concept is predominant in the Vedic texts, particularly the Upanishads;[159] while the deity Brahma finds minor mention in the Vedas and the Upanishads. The upper left hand holds a flame, the lower left hand points down to the demon Muyalaka, who is shown holding a cobra. [10] Gavin Flood states that the Vedic era witnessed a process of abstraction, where the concept of Brahman evolved and expanded from the power of sound, words and rituals to the "essence of the universe", the "deeper foundation of all phenomena", the "essence of the self (Atman, soul)", and the deeper "truth of a person beyond apparent difference". |::|, “It is also said in some sources that Shatarupa kept changing her form. [note 7] As an example, Fowler cites the early Sarvastivada school of Buddhism, which "had come to accept a very pantheistic religious philosophy, and are important because of the impetus they gave to the development of Mahayana Buddhism". Brahma could not survive these attacks and lose his importance. Shiva is also manifest in a phallic emblem called a linga, and it is in this form that he is most often portrayed in the inner sanctum of his temples. Associated with the Vedic creator god Prajapati, whose identity he assumed, Brahma was born from a golden egg and created the earth and all things on it. They are found in varying sizes in many Hindu temples. |::|, “It was not until Sati was reborn as Parvati that Shiva finally came out of meditation. It is Shiva's relationship with his wife, Parvati which brings him balance. 19, pages 30-34, Alban Widgery (1930), The principles of Hindu Ethics, International Journal of Ethics, Vol. In the center of his forehead is a third eye, shown vertically. [82][83][84] Knowing one's own self is knowing the God inside oneself, and this is held as the path to knowing the ontological nature of Brahman (universal Self) as it is identical to the Atman (individual Self). half was woman and the other half was man. While other gods are depicted in lavish surroundings, Shiva is dressed in simple animal skin and in austere settings, usually in a yogic position. U    Shiva is often shown with Parvati; he is also shown as ardhnarishwara, half-man and half-woman. Atri, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratuj, Pracetas, Vashishta, Brahma … Shiva's hair is braided and jewelled, but some of his locks whirl as he dances; within the folds of his hair are a wreathing cobra, a skull, and the figure of Ganga. [112] That Brahman is Supreme Personality of Godhead, though on first stage of realization (by process called jnana) of Absolute Truth, He is realized as impersonal Brahman, then as personal Brahman having eternal Vaikuntha abode (also known as Brahmalokah sanatana), then as Paramatma (by process of yoga–meditation on Supersoul, Vishnu-God in heart)—Vishnu (Narayana, also in everyone's heart) who has many abodes known as Vishnulokas (Vaikunthalokas), and finally (Absolute Truth is realized by bhakti) as Bhagavan, Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is source of both Paramatma and Brahman (personal, impersonal, or both). [153] It is envisioned as either the cause or that which transforms itself into everything that exists in the universe as well as all beings, that which existed before the present universe and time, which exists as current universe and time, and that which will absorb and exist after the present universe and time ends. [75] The nirguna Brahman is the Brahman as it really is, however, the saguna Brahman is posited as a means to realizing nirguna Brahman, but the Hinduism schools declare saguna Brahman to be a part of the ultimate nirguna Brahman[76] The concept of the saguna Brahman, such as in the form of avatars, is considered in these schools of Hinduism to be a useful symbolism, path and tool for those who are still on their spiritual journey, but the concept is finally cast aside by the fully enlightened. [67][68] Further, the medieval era texts of these major theistic traditions of Hinduism assert that the saguna (representation with face and attributes)[69] Brahma is Vishnu,[70] Shiva,[71] or Devi[72] respectively, and that the Atman (soul, self) within every living being is the same or part of this ultimate, eternal Brahman. [98] The Upanishads of Hinduism, summarizes Nikam, hold that the individual has the same essence and reality as the objective universe, and this essence is the finest essence; the individual soul is the universal soul, and Atman is the same reality and the same aesthetics as the Brahman.[98]. J    [66], In addition to the concept of Brahman, Hindu metaphysics includes the concept of Atman—or soul, self—which is also considered ultimately real. [131], The metaphysical concept of Brahman, particularly as nirguni Brahman—attributeless, formless, eternal Highest Reality—is at the foundation of Sikhism. [20], In Sanskrit grammar, the noun stem brahman forms two distinct nouns; one is a neuter noun bráhman, whose nominative singular form is brahma; this noun has a generalized and abstract meaning.[23]. H    He is one of the three most important Hindu gods. Omissions? A    That part of him which belongs to Rajas, that O students of sacred knowledge, is this Brahma. *. offered by Brahman into the fire of Brahman. Verily, that One became threefold, became eightfold, elevenfold, twelvefold, into infinite fold. Barbara Holdrege (2012), Veda and Torah: Transcending the Textuality of Scripture, State University of New York Press. She was called Shatarupa. Brahmin (Sanskrit: ब्राह्मण, Brahmin)[74] is a varna in Hinduism specializing in theory as priests, preservers and transmitters of sacred literature across generations. [58], Brahma (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मा, brahmā)[59] is distinct from Brahman. He is envisioned in some Hindu texts to have emerged from the metaphysical Brahman along with Vishnu (preserver), Shiva (destroyer), all other gods, goddesses, matter and other beings. In the, Art Posters on Paper & Canvas by Pieter Weltevrede, All Yoga, Ayurveda & Astro-Numerology Books, - Chakras, Energy Centers of Transformation, - Dhanwantari, a Complete Guide to the Ayurvedic Life, - Numerology, with Tantra, Ayurveda & Astrology, - Hanuman’s Journey to the Medicine Mountain, - Karna, the Greatest Archer in the World, - The Wisdom Teachings on the Mahabaratha, - Indian Music for Morning and Evening Meditation, Brahma This whole universe is Brahman. [96] The axiological premises in the Hindu thought and Indian philosophies in general, states Nikam, is to elevate the individual, exalting the innate potential of man, where the reality of his being is the objective reality of the universe. [Source: Vinay Lal, professor of history, UCLA], Lingams (or lingas) are the phallic symbols that honor Shiva and represent male energy, rebirth, fertility and the creative forces of the universe.. *. For example,[27]. |::|. As Lord of the Dance, he both destroys and creates the universe. Brahma, in comparison, has relatively few devotees as the supreme deity. This aspect of Shiva is represented by the lingam, or phallus, which is worshipped as a representation of Shiva. The concept of Brahman, its nature and its relationship with Atman and the observed universe, is a major point of difference between the various sub-schools of the Vedanta school of Hinduism. Brahman and Atman are very important teleological concepts. Shiva is the god who destroys the world when it is in a state of chaos and ungodliness. After he created himself, he then created the entire universe, Vedas and people. the hindu trinity of Brahma, Vishnu Brahma is shown as a man with red skin wearing white robes and riding on a goose or a swan. She is often depicted in old bronze statues with four arms and one leg raised and the other crushing Apasmara, a dwarf-demon associated with confusion and ignorance. Shiva is therefore seen as the source of both good and evil and is regarded as the one who combines many contradictory elements. other names such as Saraswati. [31] In contrast, the Shiva-focussed Puranas describe Brahma and Vishnu to have been created by Ardhanarishvara, that is half Shiva and half Parvati; or alternatively, Brahma was born from Rudra, or Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma creating each other cyclically in different aeons (kalpa). After many adventures, during which Ram befriends the king of the monkey kingdom and joins forces with the great monkey hero Hanuman, the demon king Ravana kidnaps Sita and takes her to his fortress on the island of Lanka (modern Sri Lanka). S    One myth claims that he originated directly from Parvati's body and entered into a quarrel with Shiva, who cut off his human head and replaced it later with the head of the first animal he found, which happened to be an elephant. from his heads. The entire figure stands on a lotus pedestal and is fringed by a circle of flames, which are touched by the hands holding the drum and the fire. Now then, that part of him which belongs to Tamas, that, O students of sacred knowledge (Brahmacharins), is this Rudra. While Lord Brahma has created the world, Lord Vishnu sustains & preserves it, and Lord Shiva will eventually dissolve it and end the existence as in Hindu mythology gods. He is usually shown with four arms, holding an alms bowl, a bow, prayer beads, and a book. Vishnu contains a number of personalities, often represented as ten major descents (avatars) in which the god has taken on physical forms in order to save earthly creatures from destruction. Elephant-headed Ganesha is the god who removes obstacles and is worshipped at the start of any undertaking; his vehicle is the mouse. Though there are minor variations, the characteristic features of Nataraj are as follows: he is shown with four hands, two on either side. The beads are called Rudraksha beads, a reference to his early name. He appears as a man with four arms riding on a mythical bird or resting on a serpent. Britannia Kids Holiday Bundle! An early 18th-century painting at Wat Yai Suwannaram in Phetchaburi city of Thailand depicts Brahma. Gods and Goddesses > Brahma. Over time Rudra absorbed merged with an early fertility god and became Shiva. By what do we live? Some people will tell Vishnu came to existence, first. For the average worshiper, the sexual power of Shiva is seen in the most common image that represents him, the lingam. Rama is sometimes called the God of Truth. [27][28] This chapter of the Maitri Upanishad asserts that the universe emerged from darkness (Tamas), first as passion characterized by action qua action (Rajas), which then refined and differentiated into purity and goodness (Sattva). The concept is extensively discussed in the Upanishads embedded in the Vedas (see next section), and also mentioned in the vedāṅga (the limbs of Vedas) such as the Srauta sutra 1.12.12 and Paraskara Gryhasutra 3.2.10 through 3.4.5. For other uses, see, For the genderless metaphysical concept of. Thus, according to the Harivamsa, there is "no difference between Shiva who exists in the form of Vishnu, and Vishnu who exists in the form of Shiva." Strictly speaking his body is white, but images often show him with a blue body too. His role as preservers is greatly valued by Indians who worship Vishnu and pay homage to him in many ways. [123] According to Fowler, some scholars have identified the Buddhist nirvana, conceived of as the Ultimate Reality, with the Hindu Brahman/atman; Fowler claims that this view "has gained little support in Buddhist circles. [note 2] This singular form is used as the proper name of the deity, Brahma. [80], This article is about Hindu creation god. Vinay Lal, a professor of history at UCLA writes: “Shiva is represented as the Destroyer, Brahma as the Creator: Vishnu holds the universe in balance, acting as the Preserver. Denise Cush (2007), Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Routledge. [86] The Carvaka school denied Brahman and Atman, and held a materialist ontology. Brahman (Sanskrit: ब्रह्मन्), (Hindi: ब्रह्म) connotes the highest Universal Principle, the Ultimate Reality in the universe. During this time, Shiva had been in the midst of deep meditation. Mahabharata Gutenberg.org gutenberg.org ; In the Vedic verses Shiva was known as Rudra, a minor deity that protected cattle and was associated with the howl of the wind and healing herbs. half was woman and the other half was man. His neck is blue, a reminder of the time he drank the poison that emerged while gods and demons competed to churn the milk ocean. [Source: Library of Congress *]. Buddhism and Carvaka school of Hinduism deny that there exists anything called "a soul, a self" (individual Atman or Brahman in the cosmic sense), while the orthodox schools of Hinduism, Jainism and Ajivikas hold that there exists "a soul, a self". Sanatan Society is an international networking association of students of the late Harish Johari, joining efforts to promote his teachings of yoga philosophy, tantra, worship, art and love. In these schools of Hinduism, states Tietge, the theory of action are derived from and centered in compassion for the other, and not egotistical concern for the self. Updates? The upper right hand holds a drum, the lower one is in the abhaymudra, 'be without fear'. Brahma had not taken avatar instead believed to descend directly whenever required in Satya Yuga, Treta Yuga and Dvapara Yuga. Thus, one person might be drawn towards Shiva, another towards Krishna, and another towards Kali. His cosmic dance visualizes the cycles of creation and destruction in human lives, in the history of nations, and in the universe. Those that consider Brahman and Atman as distinct are theistic, and Dvaita Vedanta and later Nyaya schools illustrate this premise. However, he is also viewed as a positive force that cleanses and destroys evil, paving the way for new creation and a fresh start. It is also believed to be the source of his untamed energy. Shiva worshipers like to pour cows milk on lingams, sprinkle them with flowers and red powder and make offering of fruits and sweets. [3] He is often depicted with a white beard, implying his sage-like experience. [10] In the Upanishads, it has been variously described as Sat-cit-ānanda (truth-consciousness-bliss) as well as having a form (Sakar)[11][12] and as the unchanging, permanent, highest reality. [117] These were two alternate ways of imagining God during the bhakti movement. ==, How Shiva Almost Destroyed the Universe by Dancing Too Soon, “According to one Hindu legend, Shiva almost signalled the end of this universe by performing this dangerous dance before its time. Hence, complete answers for anything in life can only be determined or obtained when the Brahman is realized as the Brahman is all the complete knowledge itself. Brahman will be attained by him, But of the Word Brahman, there is no end. [Source: BBC |::|], “Hindus believe his powers of destruction and recreation are used even now to destroy the illusions and imperfections of this world, paving the way for beneficial change. Knowledge is the eye of the world, and knowledge, the foundation. One of her most celebrated feats is the destruction of the buffalo demon Mahisha. [107], In Advaita Vedanta, nirguna Brahman, that is the Brahman without attributes, is held to be the ultimate and sole reality. [6][21][22], Sanskrit (ब्रह्म) Brahman (an n-stem, nominative bráhmā, from a root bṛh- "to swell, expand, grow, enlarge") is a neuter noun to be distinguished from the masculine brahmán—denoting a person associated with Brahman, and from Brahmā, the creator God in the Hindu Trinity, the Trimurti. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Brahma, a major god of Hinduism, shown holding a rosary (or sceptre), an alms bowl, a bow, and the Rigveda, the oldest and foremost collection of ancient Hindu scriptures. Brahma There are a Chaturmukha Brahma temple in Chebrolu, Andhra Pradesh, and a seven feet height of Chatrumukha (Four Faces) Brahma temple at Bangalore, Karnataka. His concern for human political and social activities expresses the gentle and just-minded side of the One. Finally, Shatarupa grew so frustrated that she jumped to try to avoid his gaze. > Hindu The rhythm of his drum and his dancing are thought to control the fate of the world and prepare it for a new creation. Dharma, [52][53] She is considered to be "the embodiment of his power, the instrument of creation and the energy that drives his actions". [126][127][128], The early Buddhists attacked the concept of Brahma, states Gananath Obeyesekere, and thereby polemically attacked the Vedic and Upanishadic concept of gender neutral, abstract metaphysical Brahman. Everyone knows that Ram is really Vishnu, who came down to rid the earth of the demons and set up an ideal kingdom of righteousness--Ram Raj--which stands as an ideal in contemporary India. On one occasion, when Shiva was distracted in the midst of worship by the love god, Kama, Shiva opened his third eye in anger. Paul Deussen notes that teachings similar to above on Brahman, re-appeared centuries later in the words of the 3rd century CE Neoplatonic Roman philosopher Plotinus in Enneades 5.1.2.[63]. Although he appears to be hard to attain, in reality Shiva is a loving deity who saves those devotees who are wholeheartedly dedicated to him. Shiva typically carries a trident and has a third eye in his forehead, signifying his all-seeing nature. Shiva said: Dear children, I hope the universe and the race of the deities, under my suzerainty, flourish in their respective duties.O gods, the fight between Brahma and Vishnu is already known to me. [Source: British Museum]. In order to pacify him, they scattered the ashes of Sati over him. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. One of the earliest mentions of Brahma with Vishnu and Shiva is in the fifth Prapathaka (lesson) of the Maitrayaniya Upanishad, probably composed in late 1st millennium BCE. See Sects. Village storytellers, street theater players, the movies, and the national television network all have their versions of this story. Section 107, the material on this site is distributed without profit. A tale found in the Vedas describes a demon who could not be conquered. [78][79] They are embedded within each of the four Vedas, and form a part of the Hindu śruti literature. [1][7], Brahman is a Vedic Sanskrit word, and it is conceptualized in Hinduism, states Paul Deussen, as the "creative principle which lies realized in the whole world". In India there is a popular story about Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva.They were boasting among themselves about there tremendous might. [51] Two of his hands should be in refuge granting and gift giving mudra, while he should be shown with kundika (water pot), akshamala (rosary), and a small and a large sruk-sruva (laddles used in yajna ceremonies).
Plymouth Fury 1958 à Vendre En France, Exercice Suite Arithmétique Stmg, écouteurs Samsung Filaire, L'émergence De La Puissance Chinoise Depuis 1949, Le Dindon De La Farce 4 Lettres, Les Parques Goya, Jean-michel Devos Biographie, Deuxième Guerre Mondiale Canada, Sti2d Option Itec,